Chi acquista "due alberi" [non qualificati] in mezzo al campo del vicino non acquisisce [alcun] terreno [attorno a loro.] R. Meir dice: Acquisisce terra. Se crescessero, lui [il proprietario della terra] non potrebbe tagliarli, [anche se la loro ombra danneggia la sua terra. Poiché dal momento che il proprietario degli alberi non ha terra, (si capisce che) il proprietario del campo ha "legato" la sua terra a lui per tutte le sue esigenze fintanto che sono lì.] E ciò che cresce dal tronco [ vale a dire, qualunque cosa si trovi al di sopra del suolo, "osservare" il sole] è suo [il proprietario dell'albero. Non che dovrebbe lasciarlo crescere lì; poiché temiamo che il terreno possa sollevarsi fino a quando parte dell'albero che cresce fuori dal tronco è coperta da esso, in modo che l'impressione sia data di tre alberi e l'acquirente potrebbe dirgli: "Mi hai venduto tre alberi e io possiedo ( la loro) terra ". (vedi sotto) Ma deve tagliarlo e bruciarlo.] E (ciò che cresce) dalle radici [vale a dire, qualunque cosa sia sotto il suolo] è del proprietario della terra. E se sono morti [cioè, se gli alberi si sono prosciugati], lui (il proprietario dell'albero) non ha terra [su cui piantare altri al loro posto.] Se ha comprato tre (alberi), acquisisce la terra, [essendo considerato un "campo di alberi", e acquisisce la terra tra un albero e un albero, e sotto di loro, e ai lati, l'intero (spazio) di un raccoglitore di frutta e il suo cestino, in modo da poter stare lì con il suo cestino e scegliere. Questo, quando non c'è meno tra albero e albero di quattro cubiti e non più di sedici. È solo allora che acquisisce la terra come indicato. Ma se tra l'albero e l'albero c'è meno di quattro cubiti o più di sedici anni, non acquisisce la terra.] Se crescevano, lui (il proprietario del campo) potrebbe tagliarli. E ciò che cresce dal tronco e dalle radici è il suo (il proprietario dell'albero). E se sono morti, lui (il proprietario dell'albero) ha terra (su cui ripiantarli).
Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Batra
הקונה שני אילנות – undefined, he did not purchase the land surrounding it at all.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Bava Batra
Introduction
Mishnah four deals with the a person who buys trees in another person’s field and whether or not the buyer has acquired the land on which the trees grow.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Batra
הגדילו – the boughs became wider.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Bava Batra
Our mishnah begins with a dispute between Rabbi Meir and the Sages. According to the Sages when a person buys two trees he has not bought the ground they are on, and according to Rabbi Meir he has bought the ground. The remainder of section one goes according to the Sages. Section 1b states that if the trees grow branches the seller, who still owns the land, may not trim them. Although these branches now cover land that he did not sell, and when he sold the tree these branches were not there, by selling the tree he tacitly gives permission to the buyer to let the branches grow. Section 1c states that anything that grows from the tree above ground belongs to the buyer and anything below ground still belongs to the seller/landowner. Finally, if the trees die, the buyer may not plant there new trees. Since he didn’t buy the land, when the trees die he has totally lost his acquisition.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Batra
לא ישפה – the owner of the land should not cut them, even though their shade is destroying his land, for since the owner of the trees has no land, the owner of the land mortgaged to him (i.e., the owner of the trees) for all their needs all the while that they are existing.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Bava Batra
If he bought three trees, he has bought the ground [between them]. When they grow he may trim them, And what comes up whether from the stem or from the roots belongs to him (the. And if they die the ground is his. In section two we learn that the laws are different when one acquires three trees. In that case the person has acquired the land. If the trees should grown branches that overhang into the seller’s property he may trim them. Anything that grows from the tree, even below the ground, belongs to the buyer. Furthermore, if the trees die he may plant there new trees.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Batra
גזע – whatever is above the ground and sees the face of the sun.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Bava Batra
Questions for Further Thought: • Why may the seller trim the trees if he sold three to the buyer but not if he sold two?
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Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Batra
שרשין – whatever is below the ground [level].
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Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Batra
שלו – of the owner of the tree, and he should leave it there and let it grow, for we suspect lest the ground rise until it covers the tree coming out of the stump, part of which is in the ground, and they will see something like three trees and the purchase will say: “You sold me three trees and I have land” but he should cut it and burn it.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Batra
ואם מתו – the tree dried up.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Batra
אין לו קרקע – where he is able to plant another [tree] in its place.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Batra
קנה קרקע – for they are considered to be an orchard and he bought the land that is between one tree and another tree. But under them and outside of them is the fulness of fig collector and his basket, in order that he can stand, he can harvest his fruits with his basket. And these words [apply] when there is between one tree and another tree no less than four cubits, but no more than sixteen cubits. Then, he purchased the land between each tree and what is under them. And outside of it, as we have stated, but if there is less than four cubits between each tree, or more than sixteen cubits, he did not purchase the land.
